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Inaction

It is an acquired motor speech disorder and means a complete lack of action.

In fact, inactivity is a disorder of the individual’s ability to produce voluntary successive movements of the speech organs, such as movements of the tongue, lips, lower jaw, etc. It is a problem of regulation, ie succession, selection and organization of speech movements. (Proiou, 2003: 140)

Although the muscular system itself is not weakened, people with speech inactivity will have difficulty completing sequences of movements for proper production.


Perceptual features of speech inactivity include disorders of articulation, speed, and the prosody or rhythm of speech (wertz, LaPointe, & Rosenbek, 1984). Joint errors are unstable.


Dyspraxia

Dyspraxia means difficulty in practice. A child who has generalized dyspraxia often also has oral or verbal dyspraxia.

Oral Dyspraxia

It is a disorder in which the person can not coordinate non-verbal movements, however it is not due to weakness and paralysis of the muscles of speech (face, tongue and lips). The severity of the dyspraxia ranges from mild to severe.

The person with oral dyspraxia finds it difficult to make non-verbal movements with the muscles of the larynx (vocal cords), pharynx, tongue, lips, cheeks. Reflex or automated movements are intact but can not make command movements.


Verbal Dyspraxia

It is a disorder in which the person cannot say correctly and consistently what he wants. Nor is it due to weakness and paralysis of the muscles of speech (face, tongue and lips) and its severity also ranges from mild to severe.

The person with speech impairment cannot make verbal gestures. This difficulty can cause sound defects, alterations or replacements. Errors increase as the size or complexity of the word increases. Repetitions of the same word are unstable.

Verbal dyspraxia is a type of imaginary dyspraxia that causes linguistic or phonological difficulty.

(“Oral dyspraxia as a dominant but not mandatory property of verbal dyspraxia” -Crary 1993)




DYSPRAXIA

DEGREE OF SERIOUSNESS


SERIOUS DYSPRAXIA

There is no speech at all, only stereotypical expressions with or without meaning. There are several cases in which these patients are unable to produce voice, although their vocal cords are functioning properly. They show strong movements of the articulators to find the right place and way of articulation. For these patients, imitation, even of simple words, may be very difficult. They usually use gestures and gestures to communicate.

MODERATE DYSPRAXIA

They present problems of articulation and prosody, test movements of the joints appear in order to find the right place and way of articulation. The mistakes made in the prosthesis and the placement of the joints approach the normal.

MILD DYSPRAXIA

Shows mild joint disorders and unstable errors. The slower the pace of speech can correct mistakes but in this way the naturalness of speech is lost.
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